Abstract:
Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) is an area that discusses the coupled nature of
fluid motion and magnetic field. The magnetic field induces a current on the moving
conductive fluid that creates an induced magnetic field. Both the electric current
and induced magnetic field generate a force namely Lorentz force on the moving fluid
that can alter the velocity and magnetic effects of the fluid. Maxwell’s equations
for electromagnetism and Navier Stoke’s equation for fluid mechanics are the basic
equations that describe the governing equations of hydromagnetic fluid flows. MHD
flows are widely used in metallurgy, polymer industry, plasma jet, electromagnetic
pump, and aeronautics. Metal and metal oxides show higher thermal conductivity
than fluids. Dispersion of these nanometer-sized (1 nm to 100 nm) particles in the
conventionally used fluids like water, Ethylene glycol and oil, etc, revolutionised the
area of fluid mechanics. These colloids are known as nanofluids. Hydromagnetic
nanofluid flow past various geometries and its fascinating applications are discussed
in this study.
